First, the environmental requirements
1 Ventilation:
Laboratory experiments are often due to the long time to make more and experiment produced some harmful gases, causing air pollution on the human body adversely. In order to prevent laboratory staff toxic by inhalation or ingestion, and can be pathogenic or toxic chemicals and unidentified organic gases, the laboratory should have good ventilation, as necessary, air conditioning. Ventilation equipment: fume hoods, hood or local ventilation. In addition to the landlord mentioned, note the use of the organic solvent pre-treatment and pre-treatment furnace fume hood should be separately arranged in different laboratories, local exhaust hood means and must have enough power, or the actual work is difficult meet the requirements.
2, the humidity and temperature:
Laboratory requirements appropriate temperature and humidity. Small indoor climate, including temperature, humidity and air velocity, etc., for personnel and equipment in the lab work affected. Summer suitable temperature should be 18-28 ℃, winter is 16-20 ℃, humidity and preferably between 30% (winter) -70% (in summer). In addition to a special laboratory, the temperature and humidity of the most physical and chemical experiments is not affected, but the balance room and a precision instrument rooms should be based on the need for temperature and humidity control.
3, cleanliness:
Laboratory keep clean is extremely important. Outdoor atmospheric dust, ventilation process by entering the laboratory, experimental dust content is too high, the air is not clean, not only affect the test results, and that its particles fall on the component surface equipment may constitute obstacles even cause a short circuit or other potential hazards. Clean laboratory is to spend money, it is recommended not special needs may not be clean laboratory design, if necessary, can be large precision instrument rooms, special laboratory design, general requirements to reach ten thousand purification. If there are multiple clean laboratory, separate ventilation system should be designed independently.

Second, the facility requirements
1, water supply and drainage, sewage:
Laboratory should have for drainage, drainage is best to use PVC pipe, welding torch interfaces. Chemical test bench should be possible to install pipes, faucets, sinks, emergency shower, a wash, etc., general laboratory wastewater can be discharged into the city sewer without treatment network channel, and harmful waste water purification treatment after laboratory must discharged into the sewer network to track. Modern laboratory should be supporting the construction of sewage treatment station, general laboratory wastewater without treatment can be discharged into the sewage treatment station for processing, high concentration of acid in the wastewater should be discharged into the sewage treatment plant and then, this wastewater discharge recommend using acid-reducing class drains discharge directly from the laboratory to the treatment station, the extensive use of organic solvents for laboratory should be installed drains resistant to organic solvents, such as cast iron pipe can be connected to the sewage treatment plant, but also That is, the laboratory should be based on different functions, using different materials, drainage channels, are designed not cross each other, were discharged into the sewage treatment plant. Hazardous waste water purification laboratory in order to be discharged into the sewer network channel. Laboratory experiments with water have running water and pure water, in addition to water, it is recommended to install water treatment equipment, laboratory water protection, and re-install terminal related laboratory ultrapure water treatment equipment, precision instruments meet the requirements.
2, Power:
Electricity is an important driving force laboratory. To protect lab work, quality power supply is necessary to ensure the safety and reliability and continuity. Average electricity consumption must be separated and experiments; For some sophisticated, expensive equipment, require regulated, constant current, constant frequency, interference power; when necessary without interrupting the power supply system must be established, but also with a dedicated power supply, such as uninterruptible power supply (UPS).
3, gas and exhaust:
Laboratory use compressed gas cylinders should be kept to a minimum the number must be securely fastened or tied securely with a metal chain, and must not use near fire, direct sunlight, high temperature, such as room temperature may be elevated places. Gas processing laboratory, such as less, can be directly exhausted to the outside; But near the exhaust pipe must be higher than the roof 3m or so, more or larger quantities of toxic gas, refer to the industrial waste gas treatment methods such as adsorption, absorption, oxidation, decomposition and other methods to deal with. If you are not at the highest level of physical and chemical laboratories, emissions must be discharged from the roof using a dedicated pipeline.

Third, the function and layout
1, features
According to the characteristics of the physical and chemical laboratory laboratory work, should create a safe, comfortable working environment laboratory, office area and landscaped area separate experiments, that the formation of a non-controlled area and controlled area.
Physical and chemical laboratories should be configured office, file room (report prepared room), received samples and sample storage room, large equipment room, small equipment room, balance room (glass container test chamber), chemical experiments and sample pre-treatment chamber, roasted room, wash room, experiment with water (ultrapure water) preparation room, darkroom, reagent storage room.
2, CRR (report prepared room)
For the preparation and printing of the report, the department store and access data.
3, closed sample chamber:
Independent sample storage room, storage cabinets feature interval should be divided clearly marked not seized samples, check samples and samples have been seized. Sample chamber must be dry, ventilated, dust and rodents.
4, chemistry experiments and sample pre-treatment chamber
The laboratory must have ventilation facilities, separate exhaust cabinets, organic, inorganic pre-treated separately; walls, floor, bench, cabinets and other reagents to be insulated, heat, acid and corrosion resistance to organic solvents; ground due to leakage, backflow. Set down the water system of the central laboratory bench should be set for bench use, the power plug.
5, large equipment room:
Voltage, current, temperature and humidity to meet the requirements, the need anti-static flooring, temperature control 15-25 ℃, humidity of 60-70%. There do not interfere with each other in the same room equipment, testing instruments inorganic substances must exhaust bucket; detect organic matter instrument has an adjustable hood.
6, the balance room
Balance room should have double-glazed windows and curtains, constant temperature and humidity systems, space platforms to be shockproof, space platforms must be placed away from the wall 1cm, can purchase shock-type platform or brick marble countertops day day platform.
7, small equipment room
Small equipment room should have enough power outlet, preferably mounted regulator device, equipped with pool.
8, IDD laboratory
To prevent cross-contamination, an independent laboratory, set up a separate digestion cabinet.
9, roasted Room:
Should have sufficient electrical power, it is best to make off with fireproof materials.
10, washing room:
Have specialized cleaning glassware regions analyzed using analysis of organic and inorganic utensils separate utensils used for the detection of toxic substances in the containers to be dedicated.
11, experimental water preparation chamber:
Have dust facilities, work surfaces should be strong heat, with water equipment has to meet the power requirements of the power lines. Water taps should be the screening net.
12, darkroom
For fluorescent substance and mycotoxin detection of dark matter, both dark and also ventilation is best to install gas cabinets.